When installing toe-nails, use care to avoid splitting the bottom chord lumber. IA for parallel to grain loading of I .5D or the greater of I .51) or 1/2 the spacing between rows for C/D greater than 6, and for loaded edge - perpendicular to grain loading of 4D are based on early research (146). Some typical nails are show below. ; Nails or staples shall be spaced at not more than 6 inches on center at all supports where spans are 48 inches or greater. The spacing and end distance requirements for nails are covered in Section 15.3.3.1 of the NDS. Edge Distance: Requirements in NDS Table 11.5. The Building Designer should provide nail spacing and minimum end and edge distances. Minimum Nominal Width of Nailed Face at Adjoining Panel Edges and Boundaries (in.) For the same nail spacing, design loads on a blocked dia-phragm are from 1-1/2 to 2 times design loads of its unblocked counterpart. Panel Edge Fastener Spacing (in.) For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm. Based on that work, new minimum nail penetration requirements Mechanical Connections Overdriven nails APA Recommendations – Mechanics Based If < 20% fasteners overdriven by <1/8”, then … The Codes have referenced many editions of the National Design Specification ® (NDS ®) for Wood Construction and recently referenced editions of the American Wood Council’s (AWC) Special Design Provisions for Wind and Seismic (SDPWS) which also includes a length specification of nail fasteners into framing. In addition, the maximum loads for which a blocked diaphragm can be designed are many times greater than those for diaphragms without blocking. at diaphragm The unloaded edge perpendicular to grain minimum of I .5D is a good practice The procedures for designing connections are based on the National Design Specification for Wood Construction (NDS). Minimum Fastener Penetration into Framing or Blocking (in.) Nail Size (common) SEISMIC WIND Panel Edge Fastener Spacing (in.) above which increased nailing will not increase capacity. ... For a 3-ply member the nail length needs to be a minimum of 2 x 1.5inches +3/4 x 1.5 inches = 4.125 inches. 6 4 3 2 6 4 3 2 Wood Structural Panels – Structural I 3/8 7/16 15/32 1-3/8 8d 200 255 280 200 395* 430* 200 505* 550* 200* 670* 730* 322 The Building Designer typically provides nail spacing and minimum end and edge distances. for 2 inch lumber for splitting), use staples and ignore the original nails. at diaphragm boundaries (all cases), at continuous panel edges parallel to load (Cases 3 & 4), and at all panel edges (Cases 5 & 6) Nail Spacing (in.) In lieu of such guidance, a rule-of-thumb is to limit the total number of toe-nails to three for a 2x4 top plate and five for 2x6 top plate. The designer should carefully follow the minimum edge, end, and spacing requirements of NDS•8.5. Minimum Nominal Panel Thickness (in.) Lines of Fasteners SEISMIC WIND Nail Spacing (in.) The nails need to be driven from opposite sides of the column and need to penetrate at least ¾ of the thickness of last lamination. Nail is a general description and shall be permitted to be T-head, modified round head or round head. Staples shall have a minimum crown width of 7 / 16-inch on diameter except as noted. In lieu of such guidance, a well accepted rule is to limit the total number of toe-nails to three (total, including both sides) for full bearing on a 2x4 ... 7. If the additional nails violate the minimum spacing requirements (3” o.c. strength, calculated per the 1997 National Design Specification (NDS(a)) for Wood Construction, was not affected by going from 1-5/8 inches to 1-1/2 inches for 10d common nails (0.148 x 3 inches) and from 1-1/2 inches to 1-3/8 inches for 8d common nails (0.131 x 2-1/2 inches). Minimum Nominal Panel Thickness (in.) 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